کسب‌وکار اجتماعی

کسب‌وکار اجتماعی

مروری جامع بر تحقیقات کارآفرینی اجتماعی: تحلیلی از چهار دهه گذشته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه کارآفرینی فناورانه، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
در جهان امروز در مواجهه با چالش‌هایی همچون فقر، تخریب محیط زیست و بی‌عدالتی اجتماعی، کسب‌وکارهای اجتماعی همچون راه‌حل‌هایی پایدار و مؤثر ظهور کرده‌اند. این کسب‌وکارها با استفاده از رویکردهای تجاری در پی دستیابی به اهداف اجتماعی، بهبود شرایط اقتصادی و ایجاد تأثیرات مثبت در جوامع هستند. طی دهه‌های اخیر، کارآفرینی اجتماعی اهمیت فزاینده‌ای یافته است و بررسی علمی آن برای درک بهتر عملکرد و تأثیراتش ضرورت دارد. این پژوهش با هدف ارائۀ تصویری جامع از وضعیت کارآفرینی اجتماعی، با استفاده از تحلیل محتوا و کتاب‌سنجی 254 مقالۀ علمی از پایگاه دادۀ اسکوپوس در دامنۀ زمانی 1989 تا 2024 انجام گرفته است. نتایج نشان‌دهندۀ افزایش چشمگیر تعداد مقالات منتشرشده از سال 2022 تا 2024 است که بیانگر تمرکز بیشتر محققان بر این موضوع است. تحلیل هم‌رخدادی واژگان کلیدی، پنج خوشۀ کلیدی را شناسایی کرد که بیشتر تحقیقات بر نوآوری و توسعۀ اجتماعی متمرکز بوده‌اند. همچنین تحلیل شبکۀ همکاری نویسندگان به شناسایی هفت خوشه منجر شد که بخش اصلی تحقیقات بر خوشۀ «اثرهای پویا بر کارآفرینی اجتماعی» تمرکز داشته است. یافته‌ها به سیاستگذاران در طراحی سیاست‌های حامی نوآوری اجتماعی کمک می‌کند و پژوهشگران از تحلیل شبکه‌ها برای شناسایی همکاران علمی بهره خواهند برد. صاحبان کسب‌وکارهای اجتماعی نیز می‌توانند با استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی و نوآوری‌های مالی، مدل‌های خود را مقیاس‌پذیر کنند و به تغییرات اجتماعی پایدار دست یابند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

A Comprehensive Review of Social Entrepreneurship Research: An Analysis of the Past Four Decades

نویسندگان English

Mozhgan Danesh
seyed reza hejazi
Department of Technological Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

In today's world, where we face challenges such as poverty, environmental degradation, and social injustice, social enterprises have emerged as sustainable and effective solutions. These enterprises, by using commercial approaches, aim to achieve social goals, improve economic conditions, and create lasting positive impacts in communities. Over recent decades, social entrepreneurship has gained increasing significance, making a comprehensive scientific examination of this field crucial for understanding its performance and societal impact. This research, aimed at providing an overview of social entrepreneurship using a quantitative approach through content and bibliometric analysis of 254 academic articles from the Scopus database, covering 1989 to 2024. The findings indicate a significant rise in the published articles, particularly between 2022 and 2024, highlighting the growing focus of researchers on this field. The co-occurrence analysis of keywords identified five key clusters, showing that research has mainly focused on innovation and social development. Additionally, the author collaboration network analysis revealed seven clusters, with most research concentrating on "Dynamic Effects on Social Entrepreneurship." These findings can assist policymakers design policies that support social innovation and collaboration, fostering social entrepreneurship development. Meanwhile, tthe researchers can benefit from network and keyword analysis to identify collaborators and focus on key topics. The social enterprise owners can also leverage networks and financial innovations to scale their models and achieve sustainable social change.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Bibliometric Analysis
Co-Occurrence Analysis
Collaboration Network. Social Entrepreneurship
Social Enterprises
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